Aim High 6 Unit 1 Exercises: Beginnings

Vocabulary
Sporting origins. Page (5)
Match the highlighted words in the text with these definitions.

1.	Prevent.			a	elated
2.	Continue to exist			b	stave off
3.	Showing firm determination			c	inscription
4.	Denoting an unexpected or contradictory situation			d	resolutely
5.	According to what is generally believed (often used to indicate doubt in the truth of the statement.			e	onwards
6.	A notable or heroic deed.			f	happened
7.	Came about by chance.			g	exploit
8.	Made illegal.			h	outlawed
9.	Absolutely and unconditionally.			i	endures
10.	Evidence in support of a fact, often in a legal situation.			j	testimony
11.	Forwards.			k	categorically
12.	A short text written or carved on a surface.			l	ironically
13.	Invent.			m	supposedly
14.	Before.			n	device
15.	Overjoyed.			o	prior to

Sporting origins
Activate. Page (6)
Complete these sentences with the correct form of the words from the box.

prior to   ·  resolutely   ·  inscription   ·  ironically   ·  devise   ·  stave off   ·  endures   ·  exploit   ·  supposedly   ·  testimony   ·  onwards   ·  happened to   ·  categorically   ·  outlawed   ·  elated  

1.	She had always had a real fear of the water since childhood, but she signed up for swimming lessons to conquer this.
2.	The practice of drug taking for performance enhancement by Olympic athletes was in 1968 by the International Olympic committee.
3.	Throughout his distinguished cycling career, he denied taking drugs, which he now confesses was untrue.
4.	Her last saw her kayaking 2000 miles down the Amazon River to raise a huge amount of money for charity.
5.	They ran out of food during the week-long trek through the mountains and were chewing leaves and stones to hunger pangs.
6.	The practice of taking drugs to enhance athletic performance began in ancient Greece.
7.	The on the base of the trophy read; “This trophy is awarded to the Champion of Champions”.
8.	From 1930 , the first amphetamines were produced, although they were not widely available until a few decades later.
9.	In 1991, twenty ex-East German swimming coaches admitted in a to giving anabolic steroids to their athletes during 1970s.
10.	In 1774, a group of golfers in Edinburgh, Scotland decided to the first standardized rules for the game as we now know it.
11.	1750, an early version of golf was played by hitting a stone with a stick in the sand dunes on the Scottish coast.
12.	When Diana Nyad finally achieved her lifelong ambition of swimming the 110 miles from Florida to Cuba at the age of 64, she was completely .
13.	Although the vast majority of people remain firmly opposed to the use of drugs in sport, the problem of detection .
14.	At the 1952 Olympics, several skaters who had taken amphetamines (or speed) became very ill, giving the whole new meaning to the expression “speed skater”.
15.	In 1843, after twenty years of experimenting, Charles Goodyear discover “vulcanized” rubber – a material which has revolutionized sports equipment.

Extend
Prefixes. Page (6)
Look out!
Negative prefixes

We can sometimes add the prefixes un- , in- , (im- , il- , ir-) and dis- to adjectives, adverbs and verbs to make them negative.
Impractical unfortunately disappear

Read the look out! Box. Then use a negative prefix dis- , il- , im- , in- , ir- , or un-. with the words in brackets to complete the sentences.

inaccessible   ·  irreplaceable   ·  uninhabitable   ·  impartial   ·  disadvantaged   ·  inaccurate   ·  illiterate  

1.	They sued the newspaper because many of the facts in the report were .
2.	Jack’s chances of reaching university were slim, because of his background.
3.	The house has fallen into ruin and is now completely .
4.	The fire at the art gallery damaged a number of exhibits.
5.	They realized the applicant was when he couldn’t read the instructions to the test.
6.	A chairperson has to be , even when they completely disagree with one of the speakers.
7.	The snow can be very deep in winter, making the village .

Look out
Prefixes. Page (6)
Prefixes with fixed meaning

1. Some prefixes have a fixed meaning, e.g. over = too much.
   Overcharged
   Overcooked
   Overworked
2. You need to check in a dictionary whether the new word is written with or without a hyphen, e.g.
   Anticlimax
   Co-educational
   Self-evident
   Underpaid

Match the prefixes (1-8) to the meanings (a-h). Page (6)

1.	Over			a	against
2.	Cross			b	extremely
3.	Mis			c	not enough
4.	Super			d	too much
5.	Anti			e	with
6.	Under			f	between
7.	Co			g	badly
8.	Self			h	by itself

Skills
Memories
Vocabulary
Complete definitions with the words in the box. Page (8)

distraught   ·  disoriented   ·  bewildered   ·  unnerves   ·  overwhelmed   ·  uneasy   ·  overawed   ·  circumspect   ·  withdrawn   ·  preoccupied  

1.	If you are , you are very confused and cannot understand something or decide what you should do.
2.	If you are , you are cautious in what you do and say and do not take risks.
3.	If you are about where you are or which direction you should go or not understanding what is happening around you.
4.	If someone is , they are so upset and worried that they cannot think clearly.
5.	If you are by something or someone, you are very impressed by them and a little afraid of them.
6.	If you are by a feeling or event, it affects you very strongly, and you do not know how to deal with it.
7.	If you are , you are thinking a lot about something or someone, and so you hardly notice other things.
8.	If you are , you feel anxious, afraid, or embarrassed, because you think that something is wrong or that there is danger.
9.	If you say that something you, you mean that it worries or troubles you.
10.	If you are you do not want to talk to other people; extremely quiet and shy.

Match the expressions (1-10) with the synonymous words and expressions below. Page (8)

1.	time after time			a	all the time
2.	at the time			b	never-ending
3.	for the time being			c	immediately
4.	any moment now			d	for now
5.	the whole time			e	finally
6.	endless			f	very soon
7.	once in a while			g	repeatedly
8.	not for a moment			h	occasionally
9.	at once			i	never
10.	in the end			j	then

Complete the text with words and expressions from exercise 3. More than one answer is possible. Page (8)
A childhood memory

all the time   ·  never   ·  in the end   ·  occasionally   ·  repeatedly   ·  never-ending   ·  immediately   ·  at the time  

I grew up in central London, where it took two hours to escape from the city by car or bus. dad used to take us for a drive in the countryside but most of the time, we stayed close at home. So the first time I visited my grandparents' house on the coast, I fell in love with the seaside . , my grandparents were in their sixties and quite fit and healthy, so they would come with us to the beach every day. I have such vivid memories of those afternoons that my sisters and I spent playing in the sea. The water was freezing, but did that put us off! Neither did the large and powerful waves, which used to knock me off my feet . I would laugh, jump up and rush back into the waves . We wouldn't want to leave the beach, but , sunset would force us ro return to my grandparents' house for the night.

What makes you you? Page (9)

Why do some people back down when face with a threat, while others stand up to it? When given a difficult task, why do some people see it through, while others give up? It all comes down to personality. But where does that come from? Some scientists believe the most traits are inherited. Others take the opposite view: personality, they say, is formed by our environment and the parents do not pass it on to their children.

The truth is probably somewhere in between. Some traits are clearly determined by your environment: whatever your genetic background, if you grew up in Sweden, you will probably speak Swedish. On the other hand, when it comes to traits like the color of your eyes or your blood type, it is clear the genetics alone at counts for them. There are also trade switch our partly inherited but partly shaped by environment colon your weight, and even your height and the skin color, are examples. Of course, genetics and then varmint together or not the full picture. You're free will - your ability to take decisions - is also a factor in shaping your identity, but how big a factor? You would have to make your own mind up about that!

Read the Learn this! box page (9) and match the sentences (a-h) with each type of phrasal verb.
Example; How well do you get on with your siblings? Type 4.

Put your jacket on, we are going outside. Type .

Who is going to look after me when I am old? Type .

It's nine o'clock - time to get up. Type .

I don't think many guests are going to turn up. Type .

Don't forget to take off your shoes. Type .

How can we put with that noise? Type .

I'd like to think it over. Type .